2 Raja-raja 18:26

18:26 Eliakim son of Hilkiah, Shebna, and Joah said to the chief adviser, “Speak to your servants in Aramaic, ¹  for we understand it. Don’t speak with us in the Judahite dialect ²  in the hearing of the people who are on the wall.”

Yesaya 36:11

36:11 Eliakim, Shebna, and Joah said to the chief adviser, “Speak to your servants in Aramaic, ³  for we understand it. Don’t speak with us in the Judahite dialect ⁴  in the hearing of the people who are on the wall.”

Daniel 1:4

1:4 young men in whom there was no physical defect and who were handsome, ⁵  well versed in all kinds of wisdom, well educated ⁶  and having keen insight, ⁷  and who were capable ⁸  of entering the king’s royal service ⁹  – and to teach them the literature and language ¹⁰  of the Babylonians. ¹¹ 

Daniel 2:4

2:4 The wise men replied to the king: [What follows is in Aramaic ¹² ] “O king, live forever! Tell your servants the dream, and we will disclose its ¹³  interpretation.”

[18:26]  ¹ sn Aramaic was the diplomatic language of the empire.

[18:26]  ² tn Or “Hebrew.”

[36:11]  ³ sn Aramaic was the diplomatic language of the Assyrian empire.

[36:11]  ⁴ tn Or “in Hebrew” (NIV, NCV, NLT); NAB, NASB “in Judean.”

[1:4]  ⁵ tn Heb “good of appearance.”

[1:4]  ⁶ tn Heb “knowers of knowledge.”

[1:4]  ⁷ tn Heb “understanders of knowledge.”

[1:4]  ⁸ tn Heb “who had strength.”

[1:4]  ⁹ tn Heb “to stand in the palace of the king.” Cf. vv. 5, 19.

[1:4]  ¹⁰ sn The language of the Chaldeans referred to here is Akkadian, an East Semitic cuneiform language.

[1:4]  ¹¹ tn Heb “Chaldeans” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NRSV). This is an ancient name for the Babylonians.

[2:4]  ¹² sn Contrary to common belief, the point here is not that the wise men (Chaldeans) replied to the king in the Aramaic language, or that this language was uniquely the language of the Chaldeans. It was this view that led in the past to Aramaic being referred to as “Chaldee.” Aramaic was used as a lingua franca during this period; its origins and usage were not restricted to the Babylonians. Rather, this phrase is better understood as an editorial note (cf. NAB) marking the fact that from 2:4b through 7:28 the language of the book shifts from Hebrew to Aramaic. In 8:1, and for the remainder of the book, the language returns to Hebrew. Various views have been advanced to account for this change of language, most of which are unconvincing. Most likely the change in language is a reflection of stages in the transmission history of the book of Daniel.

[2:4]  ¹³ tn Or “the.”